BSl vs ASL differences

Grasping the key BSL (British Sign Language) vs ASL (American Sign Language) differences is crucial for sign language learners, educators, and the Deaf community. Both are complete languages with their own grammar and vocabulary.

Can BSL speakers understand ASL and vice versa?

One of the most important things to know is that BSL and ASL are not mutually intelligible. Despite both being sign languages, they are independent languages, meaning a native BSL signer would not automatically understand ASL, and vice versa. The reason for this is their separate linguistic origins. BSL is rooted in the UK and developed naturally within the Deaf community evolving over centuries. ASL, on the other hand, originated in the US, influenced by French Sign Language (LSF) and other local sign languages, and has distinct grammatical rules and vocabulary.

While both languages rely on visual-spatial communication and share some similarities in how they represent concepts through gestures, their syntax, fingerspelling systems, and vocabulary are different. Consequently, each language reflects the unique culture and history of the deaf communities they serve.

Different origins & language families

BSL (British Sign Language) evolved organically in the UK since the 18th century and isn’t derived from any other sign language. ASL (American Sign Language) was influenced heavily by French Sign Language in the early 1800s and shares structural similarities with LSF (Langue des Signes Française).

Manual alphabet & fingerspelling

BSL uses a two-handed alphabet, making fingerspelling visually distinctive. ASL employs a one-handed system, enabling fluent, quick fingerspelling, often used frequently in conversation.

Grammar and sentence structure

BSL typically follows a Subject–Object–Verb (SOV) order, e.g., “Shop I go”. ASL primarily uses Subject–Verb–Object (SVO) or a Topic–Comment structure, similar to spoken English.

Non-manual features (facial & body grammar)

BSL places more emphasis on body posture, spatial movement, and mouth patterns, with non-manual signals being more complementary than grammatical. ASL heavily uses facial expressions and eyebrow movements,  integral to grammar, especially in forming questions.

Vocabulary & cultural iconicity

Only about 30 -44% of signs are shared or similar between BSL and ASL meaning they’re mutually unintelligible. Iconicity differs with culture e.g., the sign for “coffee”: In ASL, the gesture mimics grinding coffee beans. In BSL, the gesture imitates sipping from a cup using the letter ‘C’ handshape.

Why these differences between BSL and ASL matter

Understanding that ASL is not a simplified version of BSL helps avoid assumptions when working with deaf signers. Each language reflects its unique cultural, historical, and linguistic identity. Whether you’re a teacher, interpreter, or learner, respecting these differences is essential for effective communication and respectful engagement.

In conclusion, while BSL (British Sign Language) and ASL (American Sign Language) share the goal of facilitating communication within the Deaf communities, they are fundamentally different languages with distinct grammar, syntax, vocabulary, and cultural roots. Recognising these differences is key to respecting the identity and communication needs of the people who use them.

For those learning sign language, whether you’re focused on BSL vs ASL or another form, embracing these differences will enhance communication and open doors to a deeper understanding of the cultures that these languages represent.

Are you looking to partner with a certified BSL interpreting services provider?  Contact us today! info@silent-sounds.co.uk